作者：陈婷珍，刘佩本，李艳秀，左祥荣

单位：

210029江苏省南京市，南京医科大学第一附属医院重 症医学科

Units：

Department of Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China

关键词：

肺动脉高压；RNA甲基化；表观基因组学；综述

Keywords：

Pulmonary arterial hypertension; RNA methylation; Epigenomics; Review

CLC：

R 541.5

DOI：

10.12114/j.issn.1008-5971.2023.00.240

Funds：

江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”项目（2022-3- 25-045）；江苏省青年医学人才项目（QNRC2016557）；江苏省高 层次卫生人才“六个一工程”拔尖人才科研项目（LGY2019067）； 中华国际医学交流基金会心血管多学科整合思维研究基金项目（Z- 2016-23-2101-33）；南京医科大学第一附属医院青年基金培育计划 （PY2022016）

摘要：

　肺动脉高压（PAH）是一类多病因引起的以肺血管重构为主要特征，并最终引起右心衰竭和过早 死亡的临床综合征。尽管PAH临床诊治取得明显进展，但疗效仍不能令人满意，患者5年生存率较低，且其发病机 制复杂，目前仍未完全阐明。RNA甲基化修饰作为表观遗传学修饰中的第三大研究领域，其主要通过甲基转移酶 （Writers）、去甲基化酶（Erasers）和甲基识别蛋白（Readers）三类蛋白可逆地写入、移除和读取甲基，在不改变基 因序列的情况下对细胞增殖、凋亡、代谢等细胞生物学行为发挥重要作用。RNA甲基化修饰在肿瘤、心血管疾病、免 疫与代谢性疾病等的发生发展中起着关键的调节作用，此外，其也参与了PAH 的发生发展，并给 PAH 的治疗带来了新 的希望。本研究综述了RNA甲基化修饰的种类及作用，N6 -甲基腺嘌呤（m 6 A）、 5-甲基胞嘧啶（ m5 C）和 7-甲基鸟苷 （m7 G）修饰在PAH中的作用机制，以期为研究者提供新思路。

Abstract：

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a clinical syndrome caused by various etiologies, mainly characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, ultimately leading to right heart dysfunction and premature death. Despite the significant advances in the clinical management of PAH, the outcome is still unsatisfactory and the 5-year survival rate of the patients remains low, and the pathogenesis of PAH is complex, which is still not fully elucidated. RNA methylation modification, as the third major research field in epigenetic modification, mainly exerts its important effects on biological behaviors such as proliferation, apoptosis, and metabolism through the reversible writing, erasing, and reading of methylation by the three types of proteins known as methyltransferases (Writers) , demethylases (Erasers) , and methyl recognition proteins (Readers) , and without changing the gene sequence. RNA methylation modification plays a key regulatory role in the occurrence and development of tumors, cardiovascular diseases, immune and metabolic disorders, etc. , RNA methylation modification is also involved in the occurrence and development of PAH and hold new promise for the treatment of PAH. This study reviews the types and effects of RNA methylation modification, as well as the mechanisms of action of N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) , 5-methylcytosine (m5 C) , and 7-methylguanosine (m7 G) modifications in PAH, in order to provide new insights for researchers.

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