作者：盛玲丽，腾兴琼，李寒梅，王颖，殷梅

单位：

昆明医科大学第二附属医院神经内科

Units：

Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650101, China

关键词：

卒中; 缺血性脑卒中; 小胶质细胞; 综述;

Keywords：

Stroke; Ischemic stroke; Microglia; Review

CLC：

DOI：

10.12114/j.issn.1008-5971.2023.00.149

Funds：

云南省科技厅科技计划项目（202203AC100007-2，202101AT070229）；昆明医科大学研究生教育创新基金资助项目（2022S078）

摘要：

小胶质细胞是大脑中的常驻巨噬细胞，是参与防御脑损伤的主要免疫细胞。研究发现，小胶质细胞在缺血性脑卒中（IS）后的炎症反应中起关键作用，小胶质细胞的激活和极化不仅可以导致IS后继发性脑损伤，也可以分泌抗炎细胞因子和神经营养因子，促进IS的恢复。尽管再灌注治疗极大地改善了IS患者的预后，但临床上对IS后继发性脑损伤的治疗方法非常有限。本文主要介绍了IS后小胶质细胞的激活和极化机制、小胶质细胞在IS中的作用以及潜在的基于小胶质细胞的IS治疗措施，以期为IS患者提供新的治疗靶点。

Abstract：

Microglia are resident macrophages in the brain, and are the main immune cells involved in defending against brain damage. Studies have found that microglia play a key role in inflammatory response after ischemic stroke (IS) , and activation and polarization of microglia can not only lead to secondary brain damage after IS, but also can secrete antiinflammatory cytokines and neurotrophin to promote the recovery of IS. Although reperfusion therapy has greatly improved the prognosis of IS patients, the treatment methods for secondary brain injury after IS in clinical practice are very limited. This article mainly introduces the activation and polarization mechanism of microglia after IS, the role of microglia in IS, and the potential therapeutic measures of IS based on microglia, in order to provide new therapeutic targets for patients with IS.

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