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2024-5-25
Vol 32, issue 5

ISSUE

2023 年3 期 第31 卷

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支气管哮喘患儿运动现状及其运动量不足的影响因素分析

ExerciseStatusandInfluencingFactorsofInsufficientExerciseinChildrenwithBronchialAsthma

作者:张漪然,杨依云,蔡倩,徐金梅,倪春梅,陈玉瑛,廖月霞

单位:
1.扬州大学护理学院·公共卫生学院2.江苏省南京市妇幼保健院产科3.扬州大学附属医院儿科
Units:
1.SchoolofNursing·SchoolofPublicHealth,YangzhouUniversity,Yangzhou225000,China2.DepartmentofObstetrics,NanjingMaternalandChildHealthCareHospital,Nanjing210004,China3.DepartmentofPediatrics,AffiliatedHospitalofYangzhouUniversity,Yangzhou225000,China
关键词:
哮喘; 儿童; 运动; 影响因素分析;
Keywords:
Asthma;Children;Exercise;Rootcauseanalysis
CLC:
R562.25
DOI:
10.12114/j.issn.1008-5971.2023.00.063
Funds:
江苏省人兽共患病学重点实验室“护馨基金”项目( H?X?2004?); C?51?研究生科研与实践创新计划项目?( KYCX21_3297?)

摘要:

目的 调查支气管哮喘(以下简称为哮喘)患儿运动现状,并分析其运动量不足的影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法抽取2019年12月至2020年7月于扬州大学附属医院儿科门诊就诊的哮喘患儿及其父母为哮喘组,另选取同期于扬州大学附属医院健康管理中心进行常规年度体检的同年龄段健康儿童及其父母为对照组。采用一般资料调查表调查哮喘患儿及其父母一般资料,采用中文版儿童哮喘控制测试问卷(Ch-CACT)调查哮喘患儿哮喘控制情况,采用一般自我效能感量表(GSES)调查患儿父母自我效能感,采用运动现状问卷调查哮喘组及对照组儿童运动现状,同时调查哮喘患儿父母运动量是否充足。比较对照组与哮喘组运动现状,采用单因素分析及多因素Logistic回归分析探讨哮喘患儿运动量不足的影响因素。结果 哮喘组共发放问卷157份,回收有效问卷145份,问卷有效回收率为92.4%;对照组共发放问卷163份,回收有效问卷133份,问卷有效回收率为81.6%。哮喘组运动态度、运动频率、运动益处认知、运动后感觉差于对照组,运动量不足者占比高于对照组(P<0.05)。哮喘患儿运动量充足18例,运动量不足127例。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,患儿Ch-CACT评分[OR=0.676,95%CI(0.568,0.804)]、父母GSES评分[OR=4.883,95%CI(2.224,10.720)]是哮喘患儿运动量不足的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 哮喘患儿运动态度、运动频率、运动益处认知、运动量及运动后感觉较健康儿童差,患儿哮喘控制情况、父母自我效能感是哮喘患儿运动量不足的影响因素。

Abstract:

ObjectiveToinvestigatetheexercisestatusofchildrenwithbronchialasthma(hereafterreferredtoasasthma)andtoanalyzetheinfluencingfactorsofinsufficientexercise.MethodsThechildrenwithasthmaandtheirparentswhoattendedthePediatricOutpatientClinicofAffiliatedHospitalofYangzhouUniversityfromDecember2019toJuly2020wereselectedasasthmagroupbyconveniencesamplingmethod,andhealthychildrenofthesameageandtheirparentswhohadroutineannualphysicalexaminationofinHealthManagementCenterofAffiliatedHospitalofYangzhouUniversityduringthesameperiodwereselectedascontrolgroup.Thegeneralinformationquestionnairewasusedtoinvestigatethegeneralinformationofchildrenwithasthmaandtheirparents;theChinese-ChildhoodAsthmaControlTest(Ch-CACT)wasusedtoinvestigatetheasthmacontrolofchildrenwithasthma;theGeneralSelfEfficacyScale(GSES)wasusedtoinvestigatetheself-efficacyofparentsofchildrenwithasthma;andtheexercisestatusquestionnairewasusedtoinvestigatetheexercisestatusofchildrenintheasthmagroupandcontrolgroup,andtheadequacyofexerciseforparentsofchildrenwithasthmawasalsoinvestigated.Theexercisestatuswascomparedbetweenthecontrolgroupandtheasthmagroup,singlefactoranalysisandmultivariateLogisticregressionanalysiswereusedtoexploretheinfluencingfactorsofinsufficientexerciseinchildrenwithasthma.ResultsIntheasthmagroup,157questionnairesweredistributedand145validquestionnaireswererecovered,withtheeffectiverecoveryrateof92.4%.Inthecontrolgroup,163questionnairesweredistributedand133validquestionnaireswererecovered,withaneffectiverecoveryrateof81.6%.Theexerciseattitude,exercisefrequency,exercisebenefitcognition,andpost-exercisefeelingintheasthmagroupwereworsethanthoseinthecontrolgroup,andtheproportionofinsufficientexerciseintheasthmagroupwashigherthanthatinthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Eighteenchildrenwithasthmahadsufficientexerciseand127hadinsufficientexercise.MultivariateLogisticregressionanalysisshowedthatCh-CACTscoreofchildren[OR=0.676,95%CI(0.568,0.804)]andGSESscoreofparents[OR=4.883,95%CI(2.224,10.720)]weretheinfluencingfactorsofinsufficientexerciseinchildrenwithasthma(P<0.05).ConclusionTheexerciseattitudes,exercisefrequency,exercisebenefitcognition,exercisevolumeandpost-exercisefeelingofchildrenwithasthmaareworsethanhealthchildren.Asthmacontrolofchildrenandself-efficacyofparentsaretheinfluencingfactorsofinsufficientexerciseinchildrenwithasthma.

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