作者：董汉禹，王珺，蔡成森，梁冉冉，陈玉娟

单位：

1.250014山东省济南市，山东中医药大学第一临床医 学院 2.250001山东省济南市，山东中医药大学第二附属医院呼吸与危 重症医学科 3.250355山东省济南市，山东中医药大学实验中心

单位（英文）：

1.Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine First Clinical Medical College, Jinan 250014, China 2.Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250001, China 3.Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China

关键词：

慢性阻塞性肺疾病；预防；危险因素

关键词（英文）：

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Prevention; Risk factor

中图分类号：

R 563.9

DOI：

10.12114/j.issn.1008-5971.2023.00.265

基金项目：

摘要：

慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是气道或肺泡异常导致的以气流受限为特征的一组肺部疾病，主要临床 症状为呼吸困难、咳嗽、咳痰等。世界卫生组织数据显示，全球每年约有300万人罹患COPD，是我国第四大致死疾 病，年死亡人数超过100万，仅次于卒中、缺血性心脏病和肺癌。近年研究表明，COPD患者越早进行治疗，其肺功 能恢复程度越大，故COPD诊治前移是其防控的突破点。本文基于COPD的危险因素，总结了COPD患者的早期预防对 策，即避免肺发育和生长受限、戒烟、减少空气污染物暴露及合理饮食与规律锻炼，以期减少COPD的发生。

英文摘要：

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung diseases characterized by airflow limitation caused by airway or alveolar abnormalities. The main clinical symptoms are dyspnea, cough and expectoration. According to the World Health Organization, about 3 million people worldwide suffer from COPD every year, which is the fourth leading cause of death in China, and the annual death toll is more than 1 million, second only to stroke, ischemic heart disease and lung cancer. Recent studies have shown that the earlier the treatment of COPD patients, the greater the degree of recovery of lung function, so the diagnosis and treatment of COPD forward is the breakthrough point of its prevention and control. Based on the risk factors of COPD, this paper summarizes the early prevention countermeasures of COPD patients, that is avoiding lung development and growth restriction, smoking cessation, reducing exposure to air pollutants and reasonable diet and regular exercise, in order to reduce the occurrence of COPD.

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